Portuguese cuisine is a rich and diverse culinary tradition that has been shaped by the country’s geography, history, and cultural influences. Located on the Iberian Peninsula in southwestern Europe, Portugal has a long coastline along the Atlantic Ocean, which has allowed for a strong seafood tradition in its cuisine.
Portuguese cuisine also draws influence from the country’s history of exploration and colonization. During the Age of Discovery in the 15th and 16th centuries, Portugal established colonies in Africa, Asia, and South America. As a result, Portuguese cuisine has incorporated flavors and ingredients from these regions, such as spices from India and Africa, and chili peppers from Brazil.
Portuguese cuisine is renowned for its iconic dish, bacalhau or salt cod, which has over 365 different preparations. Grilled sardines, cozido, and rice dishes with seafood or meat are also popular. The country also boasts a rich pastry tradition with pastéis de nata, queijadas, and bolo de arroz among its delicious sweets and desserts.
In addition to its traditional cuisine, Portugal also has a strong wine culture, with many famous wine regions such as the Douro Valley, home to the famous port wine.
Here are the top 10 foods you should try when visiting Portugal:
1. Bacalhau
Bacalhau, or salt cod, is one of the most iconic dishes in Portuguese cuisine. It’s said that there are 365 different ways to prepare it, one for each day of the year. Some popular bacalhau dishes include bacalhau com natas (salt cod with cream), bacalhau à Brás (shredded salt cod with potatoes and eggs), and bacalhau à Gomes de Sá (salt cod with onions, potatoes, and eggs).
Bacalhau is often served as the main course for special occasions, such as Christmas Eve, Easter, and weddings. It is also a popular dish in Portuguese restaurants around the world.
FUN FACT: Portugal is known for its strong coffee culture, with the popular espresso-like beverage called “bica” or “cimbalino” served in cafes all over the country.
2. Pastéis de Nata
Pastéis de Nata, also known as Portuguese custard tarts, are a popular dessert in Portugal and around the world. These small, creamy tarts are made with a flaky pastry crust and a rich, sweet custard filling.
The origin of Pastéis de Nata can be traced back to the 18th century, to the city of Lisbon, where they were first created by Catholic monks. Today, they can be found in bakeries, pastry shops, and cafes throughout Portugal and have become an international favorite.
One of the most famous places to try Pastéis de Nata is the Pastéis de Belém bakery in Lisbon, which has been making these delicious tarts since 1837. They are typically served warm with a sprinkle of cinnamon or powdered sugar on top, making them a perfect treat any time of day.
3. Francesinha
Francesinha is a popular sandwich that originated in Porto, Portugal. The name Francesinha means “little French lady,” but this sandwich is anything but dainty. It is a hearty sandwich made with layers of different meats, such as ham, sausage, and steak, topped with melted cheese, and served with a spicy tomato and beer-based sauce. The sandwich is typically served with french fries on the side, making it a filling and satisfying meal. Francesinha has become a popular dish in Portugal and is often found in restaurants and cafes throughout the country.
4. Cozido
Cozido is a traditional stew that is popular in Portugal. It is a hearty dish made with a variety of meats, such as beef, pork, and chicken, as well as vegetables like potatoes, carrots, and cabbage. The stew is typically cooked slowly over low heat, allowing the flavors to meld together and create a rich and savory broth. Cozido is often served with rice or bread and is a comforting and satisfying meal, especially on cold days. It is a popular dish in Portugal and is often enjoyed with family and friends during special occasions or gatherings.
5. Sardinhas Assadas
Sardinhas Assadas, or grilled sardines, are a popular dish in Portugal, especially during the summer months. Sardines are a staple in Portuguese cuisine, and grilling them over charcoal is a traditional way of preparing them. The sardines are typically seasoned with salt and lemon juice and grilled until they are crispy on the outside and tender on the inside. They are often served with bread, roasted peppers, and a salad, making for a delicious and healthy meal. Sardinhas Assadas are a must-try when visiting Portugal, and you can find them at restaurants and cafes throughout the country.
FUN FACT: Portuguese cuisine has a long history of preserving foods, such as salt cod, sausages, and cheeses, which can last for months or even years.
6. Caldo Verde
Caldo Verde is a traditional soup that is popular in Portugal, especially in the northern region of the country. The soup is made with potatoes, kale, onions, and garlic, and is typically served with slices of chouriço, a type of Portuguese sausage. The soup is hearty and flavorful, with a creamy texture that comes from the potatoes. It is often served as a starter or a main course and is a popular comfort food, especially during the colder months. Caldo Verde is a staple in Portuguese cuisine and can be found in restaurants and cafes throughout the country.
7. Arroz de Marisco
Arroz de Marisco, or seafood rice, is a popular dish in Portugal, especially in coastal regions. It is a flavorful rice dish made with a variety of seafood, such as shrimp, clams, mussels, and sometimes octopus. The rice is cooked in a rich broth made with tomatoes, onions, and garlic, and is often seasoned with herbs and spices like parsley, bay leaves, and paprika. Arroz de Marisco is a hearty and delicious dish that is often served as a main course and is perfect for sharing with family and friends.
8. Polvo à Lagareiro
Polvo à Lagareiro is a dish made with octopus that is popular in Portugal, especially in the Algarve region. The dish is named after the traditional method of cooking the octopus, which involves roasting it in a hot oven with garlic and olive oil. The octopus is typically served with roasted potatoes and vegetables, such as bell peppers and onions. The result is a tender and flavorful dish with a crispy exterior that is perfect for seafood lovers. Polvo à Lagareiro is a must-try when visiting Portugal and can be found in restaurants and cafes throughout the country.
9. Leitão Assado
Leitão Assado, or roasted suckling pig, is a traditional dish that is popular in Portugal, especially in the Bairrada region. The dish involves roasting a young pig over an open fire or in a wood-fired oven until the skin is crispy and the meat is tender and juicy. The pig is typically seasoned with salt, garlic, and herbs, and is often served with roasted potatoes and vegetables. Leitão Assado is a staple in Portuguese cuisine and is a must-try for meat lovers.
FUN FACT: The small town of Amarante is famous for its sweet treats, including “papos de anjo” (angel bellies), a dessert made from egg yolks and sugar syrup, and “bolos de São Gonçalo,” phallic-shaped cakes made for the town’s patron saint festival.
10. Arroz de Pato
Arroz de Pato, or duck rice, is a delicious and flavorful rice dish that is popular in Portugal. It is made with tender pieces of duck, cooked in a rich broth made with tomatoes, onions, and garlic. The rice is then cooked in the broth until it is tender and flavorful, and is often topped with crispy bits of duck skin. Arroz de Pato is a hearty and satisfying dish that is perfect for sharing with family and friends, and is often served during special occasions or gatherings. It is a staple in Portuguese cuisine and can be found in restaurants and cafes throughout the country.
Portuguese cuisine is a delicious and diverse culinary tradition that reflects the country’s history, geography, and cultural influences. From seafood dishes to hearty stews and sweet pastries, there is something in Portuguese cuisine to satisfy every palate. These dishes are just a small sampling of the many delicious flavors and textures that make up Portuguese cuisine. If you’re planning a trip to Portugal, be sure to try as many dishes as you can!
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